Short answer: no.

The only way you can let PayPal apply the taxes is to use PayPal Website Payments Standard. But, then the transaction values won't match between PayPal and your store, and thus your store will reject the payment notification and not record the sale details. So, you can't do that.

And, if you use Express Checkout or Website Payments Pro, PayPal doesn't do anything with adding/calculating taxes regardless of the settings in your PayPal account.

If you need to do county-specific taxing, you'll have to explore one or more of the 3rd-party contributed addons, and see whether they work for your needs.