Could you go to Modules ... Shipping ... and save your USPS settings to NotePad and then do a:
REMOVE
INSTALL
Re-configure

Again, set the Debug to Logs ...

What shipping methods are you checking off at the bottom?

I did not see any methods selected in your Shipping Logs ...

I also see in the Configuration ... Shipping/Packaging ... that you have the Tare Rates set ... this is adding weight to your order, try setting those to 0:0 ...

You also have the Maximum Weight set to 0 ... This is causing issues, change the Maximum Weight to 50 ...