The picture of the categories menu you want is what I really needed to give the right advice.
The "$new_style = 'promuze';" code is one way to get what you want for the categories, but it requires a separate "case" for every category and subcategory.
You have been working hard - I see you now have most of the top and subcategories done.

The most efficient approach would be to use category groups, so you can easily get the different bullets on the subcategories, but since you are so close with the method you are using, keep going as you are.