After a lot of guessing and searching, I decided to look up "net::ERR_CONTENT_DECODING_FAILED 200", as that was the javascript error generated.
That brought me to this page on stack overflow. There too solution was to add some code to fix gzip compression. That made me remember, I had the switch GZIP_LEVEL set to 1 (on). After switching it to 0 (off). the order continues as it should,without errors
Hmm, I'd added some "disable gzip" handling to the AJAX-class in OPC v2.0.1 (see this GitHub issue). I'll review those changes prior to the OPC 2.0.5 release to make sure that they're all "covered".