You are setting the Product as:
Tax Class: TAXABLE GOODS

And your Shop is in the same Zone as your defined Tax Zone?

And your defined Tax Zone does have a Tax Rate set up for it?

Do you see tax "anywhere" in the Admin or Catalog of your site?

What Tax Zone did you define and at what rate?

What are your settings in the Configuration ... My Store ... for the Taxes? Defaults are:
Tax Decimal Places 0
Display Prices with Tax false
Display Prices with Tax in Admin false
Basis of Product Tax Shipping
Basis of Shipping Tax Shipping
Sales Tax Display Status 0