Within your Zen Cart authorize.net module settings, you can choose whether to "Authorize Only" or to "Authorize+Capture". If you set it to "Authorize Only", then you will be able to handle settlement of charges at a future date, using your Authorize.net merchant console.
You should contact your Authorize.net Merchant Services department to discuss the parameters around changing amounts and how long you have to settle the authorization,as those details are often configurable based on the industry or services you're providing. They can give you the official information, and can help you understand exactly "how" to do it using their transaction-management console.
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