I wasn't able to get the automatic updating figured out, but I was able to set this up so at least it's showing the quantity available on the shopping cart page. My solution was to open /includes/modules/pages/shopping_cart/header_php.php look for:
$showFixedQuantityAmount = $products[$i]['quantity'] . zen_draw_hidden_field('cart_quantity[]', $products[$i]['quantity']);
add this directly above that code:
$stockAvailable = zen_get_products_stock($products[$i]['id']);
look for this code:
$productArray[$i] = array('attributeHiddenField'=>$attributeHiddenField,
add this line right after that line:
'stockAvailable'=>$stockAvailable,
Open the file tpl_shopping_cart_default.php
look for this code:
<th scope="col" id="scQuantityHeading"><?php echo TABLE_HEADING_QUANTITY; ?></th>
add this code directly below that:
<th scope="col" id="scAvailableQuantity"><?php echo TABLE_HEADING_AVAIL_QUANTITY; ?></th>
look for this code:
echo $product['quantityField'] . '<br /><span class="alert bold">' . $product['flagStockCheck'] . '</span><br /><br />' . $product['showMinUnits'];
}
?>
</td>
add this code directly below that:
```
<td class="availableQuantity">
<?php echo $product['stockAvailable'];?></td>
```
finally open up your english.php file either in your /includes/languages folder or in your template override folder add this definition in there:
define('TABLE_HEADING_AVAIL_QUANTITY', 'Available Qty');
Next I changed the Mark product out of stock alert in admin/configuration/stock to say this:
adjust to available quantity
I hope that helps anyone else who is trying to figure out how to show the quantity in stock on the shopping cart page. It would be nice if it would auto adjust to that quantity, but at least this way when someone has too many of an item in their cart they can at least see how many they can buy right there from the cart instead of having to go back to the product page.